CAS number：1310-58-3
molecular formula：KOH
molecular weight：56.11
EINECS number：215-181-3

English synonyms

POTASH;POTASH CAUSTIC;POTASH LYE;POTASSIUM HYDRATE;POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE STANDARD;POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE;POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE ETHANOLIC;hydroxydedepotassium(solide)

Related categories

Inorganic bases; Catalysis and inorganic chemistry; Electronic chemicals; Potassium; Volumetric titration solutions; Organic standard solutions; General reagents; Organic and inorganic chemicals; Intermediates; APIs; Cs hydroxides; Inorganic chemical products; Inorganic salts; Light metals; Microorganisms;Organic Chemistry;Cell Biology;Genomics and Molecular Diagnostics;Specialized Reagents;Corrosion and Alkaline Reagents;Standards and Reference Materials;Inorganic Compounds and Salts;Food Additives;Synthetic Materials Intermediates;Chemicals;Chemical Materials;Biochemical Reagents; Base Solutions; Acidity Regulator; Hydroxide;Base SolutionsVolumetric Solutions;By Reference Material;Reference Material Hydrochloric acid;Titration;Volumetric Solutions;HPLC Buffers - SolutionChromatography/CE Reagents;HPLC;HPLC Buffer;HPLC Buffers;Solution;Chromatography/ CE Reagents;Eluent concentrates for ICAlphabetic;Ion Chromatography;Base ConcentratesConcentrates (e.g. FIXANAL);Concentrates (e.g. FIXANAL);metal hydroxide;KOH;Industrial raw materials;chemical products-organic solvents;organic chemical raw materials;raw materials;amines;pharmaceutical raw materials ;inorganic;inorganic chemical raw materials;chemical materials;potassium hydroxide;inorganic chemical raw materials-inorganic bases;chemical raw materials,solvents;organic intermediates;bases;hydroxides;inorganic substances;organic chemicals;solids;inorganic chemicals;APIs ;Organic raw materials;General hazardous chemicals;Inorganic raw materials;INORGANIC & ORGANIC CHEMICALS;Inorganics;Base Solutions;Analytical Reagents;Drying Agents;Special Applications;Acids&Bases;Essential Chemicals;Reagent Grade;P;PON - PT;Base SolutionsTitration;Solution containers (VOLPAC);Chemical Synthesis;Inorganic Bases;Synthetic Reagents;Decomposition Reagents;Atomic Absor ption Spectroscopy (AAS);Digestion Reagents;Pure Salts for Melting Digestions (Trace SELECT)Analytical/Chromatography;Trace Analysis Reagents

Introduction

Potassium hydroxide is commonly known as caustic potash, potassium ash, etc. There are two main forms of industrial products, namely solid state and liquid state. The solid state is white or light gray flakes and bars, and the liquid potassium hydroxide is light yellow liquid. The chemical properties are similar to those of sodium hydroxide. It is highly alkaline and corrosive. It is easily soluble in water and emits a lot of heat. It also has deliquescence properties. A lot of heat is generated when dissolved in water, alcohol or treated with acid. The pH of the 0.1 mol/L solution is 13.5. (anhydrous). Moderately toxic, the median lethal dose (rat, oral) is 1230 mg/kg. At present, potassium hydroxide is mainly used to synthesize potassium carbonate, potassium permanganate, etc., and is mainly used in chemical industry, food, medicine, agriculture and other fields.

Chemical properties

White orthorhombic crystal, industrial product is white or light gray block or rod. Soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, slightly soluble in ether.

Use

●  Potassium hydroxide is mainly used as a raw material for the production of potassium salts, such as potassium permanganate, potassium carbonate, etc.
In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used for the production of potassium borohydride, spironolactone, saparinol, progesterone and testosterone propionate.
In light industry, it is used to produce potassium soap, alkaline storage battery, cosmetics (such as cold cream, vanishing cream and shampoo).
In the dye industry, it is used to produce vat dyes, such as vat blue RSN, etc.
In the electrochemical industry, it is used for electroplating, engraving, etc.
In the textile industry, it is used for printing and dyeing, bleaching and mercerizing, and is widely used as the main raw material for the manufacture of man-made fibers and polyester fibers.
In addition, it is also used in metallurgical heating agent and leather degreasing.

Production method

●  The raw material potassium chloride of diaphragm electrolysis method is melted into a saturated solution in a salt-melting tank. When heated to 90°C, potassium carbonate, caustic potash and barium chloride are added to remove impurities such as calcium, magnesium and sulfate radicals. After sedimentation, slag removal and hydrochloric acid neutralization , The purified potassium chloride solution containing 280-315 g/L of potassium chloride is preheated to 70-75 ℃ and then electrolyzed to obtain potassium hydroxide, chlorine gas and hydrogen gas. The concentration of potassium hydroxide obtained by the diaphragm method is 10% to 11%. It needs to be concentrated by evaporation and clarified by cooling to obtain a potassium hydroxide solution containing 45% to 50%; Solid potassium hydroxide, or tableted potassium hydroxide product. That
2KCl+2H2O[electrolysis]→2KOH+C12↑+H2↑
The preparation of the electrolyte of the mercury electrolysis method is the same as that of the diaphragm electrolysis method. In the electrolysis chamber, graphite (or metal) is used as the anode, and mercury is used as the cathode. The chlorine generated by electrolysis is sent to the chlorine drying process, and the potassium amalgam generated flows into the mercury solution chamber. Most of the unreacted potassium chloride is treated in a light brine state and returned to the raw material dissolving process. Potassium amalgam reacts with water to form potassium hydroxide and hydrogen. Because the concentration of potassium hydroxide from the mercury solution chamber is 45% to 50%, it can be used as a liquid potassium hydroxide product, or it can be concentrated into solid alkali or made into a flaky potassium hydroxide product by boiling in an alkali pot. Its electrolysis and potassium amalgam dissolve mercury
2KCl+2Hg2→2Hg2K+Cl2
2Hg2K+2H2O→2KOH+H2+4Hg

Team Presentation