CAS number：107-43-7
molecular formula：C5H11NO2
molecular weight：117.15
EINECS number：203-490-6

English synonyms

N-TRIMETHYLGLYCINE HYDROXIDE;OXYNEURINE;TRIMETHYLGLYCINE;TRIMETHYLGLYCOCOLL;(CARBOXYMETHYL)TRIMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE ANHYDRIDE;(CARBOXYMETHYL)TRIMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE INNER SALT;BET;BETAINE

Related categories

Zwitterionic surfactant; traditional Chinese medicine reference substance; standard substance; reference substance, standard substance; analytical standard substance; pharmaceutical raw material; enzyme and coenzyme; organic acid; plant extract; Body-organic synthesis intermediate; nutrition enhancer; analytical reagent standard; standard extract; intermediate; biochemical reagent-phytohormone and nucleic acid; chemical product-organic chemical industry; vitamin; organic chemical raw material; material intermediate and auxiliary agent ;Flavours and Fragrances;Standard-Reference Substance;Ammonium Polyhalides, etc. (Quaternary);Quaternary Ammonium Compounds;BiochemicalsMolecular Biology;PCR OptimizationMolecular Biology;Molecular Biology;Vitamin Ingredients;Feed Additives;Food Attractant and Flavor Enhancer;fine chemicals, specialty chemicals, intermediates, electronic chemical, organic synthesis, feed additive; food and beverage standard products; feed additive raw materials; industrial raw materials; chemical intermediates; synthetic intermediates; ;Agricultural and veterinary raw materials;Standard products-traditional Chinese medicine standard products;Moisturizing agents;Additives;Chemical raw materials;Fine chemical raw materials;Nutrition enhancers;Additive 1;Daily chemicals;Other chemicals;API raw materials;Chemical reagents;Industrialization; Organic raw materials;Molecular Biology Reagents;PCR Reaction Components;PCR/Amplification;chemical reagent;pharmaceutical intermediate;phytochemical;reference standards from Chinese medicinal herbs (TCM).;standardized herbal extract;feed additives;pharm intermediate;107-43-7

Introduction

Betaine, also known as betaine, betaine, and betaine, is a quaternary ammonium derivative of glycine and is a type of nitrogen methyl compound or trimethyl compound formed after the hydrogen on the amino acid amino group is replaced by a methyl group. inner salt. Common ones are glycyl betaine, beta-alanyl betaine and prolyl betaine. Prismatic crystals or leaf-shaped crystals obtained from ethanol, with a sweet taste and easy to deliquescence. Melting point is 293°C, decomposes at 300°C, soluble in water, methanol and ethanol, hardly soluble in ether, can be isomerized to methyl dimethylaminoacetate at melting point, from free acid HO—N(CH3)3—CH2COOH The monohydrate crystal can be obtained in the aqueous solution, and it loses water at 100°C to form betaine, which is stable in acid. The role of trimethylamine with concentrated potassium hydroxide aqueous solution. Produce Maillard reaction (browning reaction) with sugar. It is found in plants such as beetroot and cottonseed, and in animal substances such as the meat of spiny sharks and crab sperm juice. It can be recovered from sugar beet sugar mother liquor. It can also be formed by the methylation of aminoacetic acid or by the action of chloroacetic acid and trimethylamine. It is clinically used together with N-amidinoglycine to treat myasthenia gravis, and it is also used as a reagent for identifying gold in analytical chemistry. This product is a betaine-type amphoteric surfactant, used as a leveling agent for vat dyes. In drought or salt stress, many plants accumulate betaine, which becomes the main organic solute for osmotic regulation and has a protective effect on proteins and cell membranes.

Colorless crystal or white crystalline powder, odorless and sweet. The melting point is 293°C (decomposition). Deliquescence, 1g of this product can be dissolved in 0.63g of water, 1.8g of methanol, 11.5g of ethanol, slightly soluble in ether. Trimethylamine will be decomposed in concentrated alkali. Oral LD5011.2g/kg for male rats and 11.15g/kg for female rats.

●  Adding betaine to the feed can protect the vitamins in the feed. The feed can withstand high temperature and have a long storage period, which can greatly improve the utilization rate of the feed and reduce the cost. Adding 0.05% betaine to chicken feed can replace 0.1% methionine; adding betaine to bait can attract fish and shrimp, and can be used in large quantities as a swelling agent for aquatic products; adding betaine to pig feed, pigs love to eat , and the lean meat rate increased. 1kg of betaine is equivalent to 3.5kg of methionine. The ability of betaine to provide methyl groups is 1.2 times that of choline chloride and 3.8 times that of methionine, and the feeding effect is very significant.

●  It is a betaine-type amphoteric surfactant, used as a leveling agent for vat dyes.

●  Feed-grade anhydrous betaine can be used as a feed additive. It is a natural and efficient methyl donor, which can partially replace methionine and choline chloride, reduce feed costs, reduce pig backfat, and improve lean meat percentage and carcass quality.

●  Lower blood fat, anti-fatty liver; anti-aging

●  Used as a feed additive to promote animal growth and improve disease resistance

●  It is recovered from sugar beet sugar mother liquor and can also be produced by synthetic method.

●  (1) Extraction method. The beet sugar mother liquor contains 12%-15% betaine, which can be directly recovered. Heat 300 parts of the mother liquor to 50°C, add 80 parts of calcium chloride, stir for a certain period of time and filter while hot. The filtrate is acidified with hydrochloric acid and then cooled to 20-30°C to crystallize, separated and dried to obtain about 30 parts of betaine.
(2) Synthesis method. It is obtained by quaternization of chloroacetic acid and trimethylamine,
Use 16% sodium hydroxide solution to neutralize 195 parts of 48.6% aqueous solution of chloroacetic acid into sodium chloroacetate solution, then mix with 360 parts of 16.4% trimethylamine solution, ventilate at 50°C for 1 hour, and ventilate again at 80°C 1h. After dilution, the reactant is adsorbed by ion resin (Dowex-50-8) and eluted with ammonia water to obtain betaine solution. After vacuum concentration and crystallization, the finished product is obtained.

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