CAS number：657-27-2
molecular formula：C6H14N2O2.ClH
molecular weight：182.65
EINECS number：211-519-9

English synonyms

monohydrochloride,l-lysin;L-Lysine HCl USP;L-Lysine HCl USP/FCC, Granular;L-Lysine HCl, Feed Grade, 98.5%;L-Lysine HCl, Powder;L-Lysine hydrochloride (feed grade);L-Lysine monohydrochloride (feed grade);L-LYSINEMONOHYDROCHLORIDE,FCC

Related categories

Food additives; nutrition enhancers; amino acids; L series amino acids; standard products; plant extracts; amino acids; intermediates; amino acids and their derivatives; biochemical reagents; biochemicals; amino acid additives; feed additives; amino acids; others Biochemical reagents; pharmaceutical intermediates; protected amino acids; chemical reagents; traditional Chinese medicine reference substances; chemical raw materials; biochemical reagents-amino acids; nutritional enhancers-amino acids; organic raw materials; food additives; ]; L-Amino Acids; L-Amino Acids; Amino hydrochloride; Amino Acids and Derivatives; Diagnostic Reagents; Chemical Reagents for Production; Pharmaceutical Raw Materials; Reagents-Amino Acids; Food and Feed Additives; Pharmaceutical Raw Materials; Nutritional Supplements; Standards, Reference Substances; Intermediates of Medicines, Pesticides and Dyestuffs; Chemical Materials; Amino Acid Hydrochloride; Chemical Raw Materials; Fine Chemical Raw Materials; Chemicals; Chemical Reagents -Amino Acids Derivatives; Daily Chemicals; Flavor Enhancers; General Biochemical Reagents-Amino Acids; Biochemical Industry; Resolution;Synthetic Organic Chemistry;amino;bc0001

Chemical properties

Colorless crystalline substance, odorless, bitter-sweet taste; easily soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol and ether; pH value of 10% aqueous solution is 5.6, mp is 263-264°C; specific rotation [α] 20D+14.6° (0.5-2.0 mg/ml, 0.5 mol/L HCl).

Use

●  It is used in biochemical research, and used in medicine to promote children's growth and development, increase appetite and gastric acid secretion.

●  Used as pharmaceutical raw materials and food and feed additives

●  Lysine is a feed nutrition enhancer, which has the functions of enhancing the appetite of livestock and poultry, improving disease resistance, promoting wound healing, improving meat quality, and enhancing gastric juice secretion. It is an essential substance for the synthesis of brain nerves, germ cells, protein and hemoglobin . Generally, the amount added in the feed is 0.1-0.2%.

●  Lysine is an essential amino acid for the human body, which can enhance hematopoietic function, enhance gastric juice secretion, improve protein utilization, increase disease resistance, maintain metabolic balance, and help promote children's physical and intellectual development. Our country stipulates that the flour, biscuits and bread that can be used to process noodles, the dosage is 1-2g/kg; in drinking liquid, it is 0.3-0.8g/kg.

●  Lysine is one of the most important amino acids, and the amino acid industry has become an industry with considerable scale and importance. Lysine is mainly used in food, medicine and feed.

Production method

●  Although lysine can also be extracted from the hydrolyzate of protein raw materials (such as pig blood meal), the lysine currently used is mainly lysine hydrochloride produced by fermentation. -Lysine. In the fermentation method, there are two-step method through diaminopimelic acid and one-step method using sugar as raw material, and sugar fermentation is widely used. Diaminopimelic acid production process: use Escherichia coli (Escherichia Coli) to biosynthesize L-lysine, using a kind of diaminopimelic acid decarboxylase that does not have the function and cannot grow without lysine The mutant strain of Escherichia coli is cultivated with glycerin, corn steeping liquid, ammonium phosphate, etc. as the medium, and a large amount of diaminopimelic acid will accumulate in the medium. factor. Then use Aerobator aerogenes or common Escherichia coli, which have decarboxylation function for diaminopimelic acid but not for lysine, dissolve the decarboxylase with toluene, this enzyme and The above-mentioned action of diaminopimelic acid can almost quantitatively generate L-lysine, which is then separated and refined by ion exchange resin to obtain the finished product L-lysine hydrochloride. In the synthetic method, there are methods using caprolactam as the starting material or dihydrofuran as the starting material. The synthetic method obtains a racemate, which must be optically resolved.

●  The production methods of lysine include extraction method, fermentation method and synthesis method. At present, fermentation method is mainly used in domestic production.
For the fermentation of lysine, Brevibacterium flavum or Corynebacterium glutamicum can be used as the production bacteria. Generally, starch hydrolyzed sugar is used as the carbon source, ammonium sulfate, urea or liquid ammonia is used as the nitrogen source, and calcium carbonate is used as the neutralizing agent. Add biotin, soybean meal hydrolyzate, magnesium sulfate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate as the medium; after sterilization, inoculate 2% of the seeds that have undergone secondary expansion cultivation or 10% of the seeds that have undergone tertiary expansion cultivation. Under ventilated conditions, ferment for about 60 hours; during the fermentation process, the pH value is maintained at 6.5-7.5, the temperature is 32°C in the early stage, and 34°C in the middle and late stages; the acid production level is about 4%, and the sugar-acid conversion rate is about 30%.
3C6H12O6+4NH3+4O2→2C6H14N2O2+6CO2↑+10H2O
The extraction of lysine is generally by ion exchange method, adding flocculants (such as polyacrylamide) and filter aids (such as diatomaceous earth) to the fermentation broth, and then filtering to remove impurities such as bacteria; adjust the pH value to 2~2 with hydrochloric acid. 3. Adsorption on the column (cation exchange resin); after washing with water, elute with ammonia water with a pH value of 9.5-12; vacuum concentrate the eluent at 50-60°C to remove ammonia, and then adjust the pH value to 5-6 with hydrochloric acid , the crude product of lysine hydrochloride is precipitated; finally, the crude product is dissolved in water, decolorized by adding activated carbon, cooled and crystallized after filtration to obtain the finished product of L-lysine hydrochloride.

●  The crude product of L-lysine is obtained by microbial fermentation, the pure product is obtained by refining, and then the product is crystallized in hydrochloric acid.

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