English synonyms

Bilberry P.E

Related categories

Plant Extract; Natural Plant Extract

Introduction

Bilberry extract extracts active substances from the fruit of Vaccinium vitisidaea L., a plant of Rhododendronaceae, and contains ingredients such as chrysanthemum compounds, anthocyanins, arbutin, organic acids, and polysaccharides. It has pharmacological activities such as relieving visual fatigue, improving balance, enhancing memory, antibacterial, anti-oxidation and cell protection, anti-cancer and anti-cancer, anti-diabetes, and improving hyperuricemia. It also has the functions of inhibiting cell apoptosis, inhibiting myocardial fibrosis, and reversing tumor multidrug resistance. It has broad application prospects in the fields of medicine, health care, food and feed.

Chemical properties

Bilberry pulp contains a variety of active ingredients, such as chrysanthemum compounds, anthocyanins, arbutin, organic acids, polysaccharides, and the like.
1. Organic acids
There are more than 10 kinds of organic acids in the extract of bilberry, such as citric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, shikimic acid, quinic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, etc. Among them, citric acid and malic acid are the most important non-volatile organic acids. Its free amino acid content is more than 19 kinds, such as chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, o-coumaric acid, gallic acid and so on.
2. Polysaccharides
Bilberry fruit contains water-soluble polysaccharides, which are composed of 5 monosaccharides after hydrolysis, which are galactose, glucose, arabinose, xylose and rhamnose.
3. Anthocyanins
The pigments in bilberry extract are mainly anthocyanins, which are the most important bioactive components. Proanthocyanidins are mainly composed of monomers in flavanols +2 catechin (+2catechin, C), -2 epicatechin (-2epicatechin), EC and -2 epicatechin gallate (-2epicatechinallate, ECG) It is polymerized, and the basic structural unit of anthocyanin is 22 phenylbenzopyran cations. At present, there are more than 20 kinds of anthocyanins known, including pelargonidin, cyanidin, delphindin, peonidin, petunidin and mallow flower pigment. Pigment (malvidin), etc.

Use

●  Anti-ulcer effect
The total anthocyanins of bilberry extract have been clinically shown to have strong protective and therapeutic effects on gastric ulcers, but have no effect on the secretion of gastric acid.

●  anticoagulant effect
Bilberry extract anthocyanins inhibit adrenaline and triphosphate-induced platelet aggregation.

●  Vascular protection
Bilberry extract flavonoids can prevent capillaries from becoming brittle and thin, stimulate blood vessels to dilate, and improve microcirculation.

●  other role
Activate retinal enzymes, promote the synthesis of rhodopsin; improve vision in dark light, treat night blindness; inhibit nerve cell apoptosis; inhibit myocardial fibrosis; inhibit collagenase activity, strengthen collagen matrix; treat joint inflammation; The role of adhesion can greatly reduce the number of bacteria attached to the inner wall of the bladder and ureter, thereby treating urinary tract infection; treating omental hemorrhagic lesions caused by diabetes, and preventing cataract; adjusting the blood sugar level of diabetic patients and reducing the amount of insulin injection; Strong anti-oxidation and scavenging of free radicals; regulating vasoconstriction, maintaining normal blood pressure range; treating terminal vascular diseases and effectively cooperating with varicose vein surgery;

Production method

Bilberry red pigment extraction process

●  Alcohol-soluble extraction process
Raw materials→leaching→pressing→cooling, filtering→concentrating→cooling→filtering→adjusting→concentrating→paste bilberry red pigment
Extraction The extraction agent used in this process is 85% ethanol. The ratio of raw material to extractant is 1 part of water-containing raw material (weight) plus 3 parts (volume) of extractant, that is, 1 kg of raw material plus 3L of 85% ethanol. Due to the moisture contained in the raw material, the ethanol concentration of the extract is actually about 65%. Mix the raw materials with ethanol, heat to 50-60 °C, extract for 3 hours, and stir at any time.
Squeeze Squeeze and filter the extract to remove pomace to obtain filtrate. Cooling and Filtration Cool the filtrate to room temperature (15-20 °C), fine filter or centrifuge to remove sugar, pectin and other precipitates to obtain the filtrate. The precipitate was washed once with a small amount of 65% ethanol, and the filtrates were combined.
Concentration Vacuum concentration is used to recover ethanol under reduced pressure, so that the ethanol content of the concentrated solution is lower than 20%.
Cooling Make the residual ethanol in the concentrated solution volatilize as much as possible, and drop it to below 5%.
Filtration: Filtrate (fine filter) or centrifuge the concentrate with very low ethanol content to remove fat, wax and other precipitates. The precipitate was washed once with 65% ethanol, and the filtrates were combined.
Acid adjustment Adjust the pH value of the above filtrate to 3.0.
Concentration Heat to evaporate the water, so that the water content of the concentrated solution is lower than 30%, and the paste-like alcohol-soluble cranberry red pigment is obtained.

●  Alcohol soaking and water-soluble extraction process
Raw materials→leaching→pressing, filtering→sedimentation→filtering→concentrating→adjusting pH→spray drying→water-soluble powdered bilberry red pigment
Extraction The extraction agent is 55% ethanol, and the ratio of raw material to extraction agent is 1:2 (refer to 2.2.1). The actual ethanol concentration in the extract is 35%. Mix the raw materials with the extraction agent. Heat to 60 ℃, adjust the pH to 3.5, extract for 3 hours, and stir at any time.
Squeeze and filter to remove pomace to obtain filtrate.
Settling Add 95% ethanol to the filtrate to make the ethanol concentration in the filtrate reach more than 60%, until flocculent coagulation is precipitated.
Filtration Fine filtration, the floc coagulation is separated, and the filtrate is obtained. Then wash the floc coagulation twice with a small amount of 65% ethanol, filter, and collect the filtrate. The two filtrates were combined.
Concentration and acid adjustment Concentrate, recover ethanol under reduced pressure, and adjust the pH of the concentrated solution to 2.5.
Spray drying to obtain water-soluble powdery bilberry red pigment.

●  Water immersion and water-soluble extraction process
Raw materials→water immersion→press filtration→concentration→alcohol precipitation→filtration→concentration→water-soluble paste blueberry red pigment
Water immersion The ratio of raw materials to water is 1:2, the pH is adjusted to 3.5, the temperature is 60°C, and the extraction is carried out for 3 hours.
Press filtration Press filtration (fine filtration), separate the pomace, and obtain the filtrate.
Concentration Concentrate the filtrate by heating until the water content is less than 40%.
Alcohol precipitation Add 95% ethanol to the concentrated solution at a ratio of 1:2, so that the concentration of ethanol in the concentrated solution is not lower than 60%, and flocculent coagulation is precipitated.
Filtration Finely filter the alcohol precipitation solution to remove pectin, sugar and other flocculent coagulums to obtain the filtrate.
Concentration Concentrate, recover ethanol under reduced pressure, adjust the concentrated solution to pH = 2.5, and then concentrate to remove water, so that the water content is not higher than 30%, to obtain a water-soluble cranberry paste.

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